Progress 2. Analysis of the Data Acquisition and Transmission System Scheme

This system is designed for the acquisition, storage, and real-time transmission of data, with a focus on measuring environmental variables and fluid behavior within the experiment.

  1. Processing and Control Unit

The system is based on the ESP32-WROOM-32, a microcontroller with WiFi and Bluetooth connectivity, used to process and manage information from multiple sensors. This central module:

  • Receives data from sensors via I2C, SPI, and UART protocols.
  • Stores information on a microSD card.
  • Transmits data to the ground station using an RFD900X radio module.
  1. Integrated Sensors

The scheme now incorporates a variety of strategically distributed sensors:

  1. a) Pressure and Temperature Sensors (GY-MS5837-30BA):
  • Locations: Two sensors placed at different points in the fluid system.
  • Function: Measure the pressure and temperature of the liquid inside the container, allowing analysis of changes due to acceleration, altitude, and other environmental factors.
  • Communication: Connected to the ESP32 via I2C.
  1. b) Inertial Sensor (BNO055):
  • Function: Combines an accelerometer, gyroscope, and magnetometer in a single module.
  • Use: Measures orientation and detects vibrations or impacts experienced by the system.
  • Protocol: Uses I2C to send data to the microcontroller.
  1. c) Water Level Sensor (ZP5210):
  • Innovation: This new sensor detects the liquid level in the container using a magnetic float.
  • Importance: Ensures the fluid volume remains stable and allows detection of leaks or evaporation during the experiment.
  • Connection: Integrated into the system through a digital input.
  1. Storage Module (MicroSD):
  • Function: Stores sensor data as a backup in case of transmission loss.
  • Protocol: Connected to the ESP32 via SPI.
  1. Wireless Communication (RFD900X Radio Module):
  • Frequency: 900 MHz (LoRa).
  • Range: Long-range communication with the ground station.
  • Protocol: UART for data transmission from the ESP32.
  1. Power Management:
  • Source: 3.7V, 2800mAh Li-Po battery.
  • Regulation: A DC-DC Step-Up MT3608 converter boosts the voltage to provide stable power to the modules.