The design of the microsatellite payload system focuses on providing optimal conditions for biological experiments in microgravity, controlling critical factors like temperature, pressure, and vibration isolation. The system includes components such as a potentiostat for gene expression measurement, gold screen-printed electrode adapter, autonomous washing system, ionic solution unit, waste collection system, and controlled satellite structure. It also features antennas, power systems, communication interfaces, and testing phases to ensure functionality, optimize energy use, and validate system performance in simulated microgravity conditions.